Bendamustine
/api/v1/drug/bendamustineMechanism of action
Sourced from openFDABendamustine is a bifunctional mechlorethamine derivative containing a purine-like benzimidazole ring. Mechlorethamine and its derivatives form electrophilic alkyl groups.
Indications
Sourced from openFDA- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) Bendamustine hydrochloride injection is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that has progressed during or within six months of treatment with rituximab or a rituximab-containing regimen. Bendamustine hydrochloride injection is an alkylating drug indicated for treatment of adult patients with: • Indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that has progressed during or within six months of treatment with rituximab or a rituximab-containing regimen.ICD-10: C85.90
Contraindications
Sourced from openFDA- Bendamustine hydrochloride injection is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions) to bendamustine, polyethylene glycol 400, absolute ethanol, sodium hydroxide and monothioglycerol. [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] Bendamustine hydrochloride injection is contraindicated in patients with a history of a hypersensitivity reaction to bendamustine, polyethylene glycol 400, absolute ethanol, sodium hydroxide and monothioglycerol.contraindicated
Dosage & administration
Sourced from openFDAFor NHL : • 120 mg/m 2 infused intravenously over 60 minutes on Days 1 and 2 of a 21-day cycle, up to 8 cycles ( 2.1 ) 2.1 Dosing Instructions for NHL Recommended Dosage: The recommended dosage is 120 mg/m 2 administered intravenously over 60 minutes on Days 1 and 2 of a 21-day cycle, up to 8 cycles. Dose Delays, Dosage Modifications and Reinitiation of Therapy for NHL: Delay bendamustine hydrochloride injection administration in the event of a Grade 4 hematologic toxicity or clinically significant greater or equal to Grade 2 non-hematologic toxicity. Once non-hematologic toxicity has recovered to ≤ Grade 1 and/or the blood counts have improved [Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) ≥ 1 x 10 9 /L, platelets ≥ 75 x 10 9 /L], reinitiate bendamustine hydrochloride injection at the discretion of the treating physician. In addition, consider dose reduction. [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Dosage modifications for hematologic toxicity: for Grade 4 toxicity, reduce the dose to 90 mg/m 2 on Days 1 and 2 of each cycle; if Grade 4 toxicity recurs, reduce the dose to 60 mg/m 2 on Days 1 and 2 of each cycle. Dosage modifications for non-hematologic toxicity: for Grade 3 or greater toxicity, reduce the dose to 90 mg/m 2 on Days 1 and 2 of each cycle; if Grade 3 or greater toxicity recurs, reduce the dose to 60 mg/m 2 on Days 1 and 2 of each cycle. 2.2 Preparation for Intravenous Administration Bendamustine hydrochloride injection is a hazardous drug. Follow applicable special handling and disposal procedures. 1 Bendamustine hydrochloride injection is in a multiple-dose vial.
Warnings & precautions
Sourced from openFDAMyelosuppression: Delay or reduce dose and restart treatment based on ANC and platelet count recovery. ( 5.1 ) Infections: Monitor for fever and other signs of infection or reactivation of infections and treat promptly. ( 5.2 ) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML): Monitor for new or worsening neurological, cognitive or behavioral signs or symptoms suggestive of PML. ( 5.3 ) Anaphylaxis and Infusion Reactions: Severe anaphylactic reactions have occurred. Monitor clinically and discontinue drug for severe reactions. Pre-medicate in subsequent cycles for milder reactions. ( 5.4 ) Tumor Lysis Syndrome: May lead to acute renal failure and death; anticipate and use supportive measures in patients at high risk. ( 5.5 ) Skin Reactions: Discontinue for severe skin reactions. Cases of SJS, DRESS and TEN, some fatal, have been reported. ( 5.6 ) Hepatotoxicity: Monitor liver chemistry tests prior to and during treatment. ( 5.7 ) Other Malignancies: Pre-malignant and malignant diseases have been reported. ( 5.8 ) Extravasation Injury: Take precautions to avoid extravasation, including monitoring intravenous infusion site during and after administration. ( 5.9 ) Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: Can cause fetal harm. Advise females of reproductive potential and males with female partners of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus and to use an effective method of contraception. ( 5.10 , 8.1 , 8.3 ) 5.1 Myelosuppression Bendamustine hydrochloride caused severe myelosuppression (Grade 3 to 4) in 98% of patients in the two NHL studies [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )] .
Adverse reactions
Sourced from openFDAThe following clinically significant serious adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the prescribing information. Myelosuppression [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Infections [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] Anaphylaxis and Infusion Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] Tumor Lysis Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] Skin Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] Hepatotoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] Other Malignancies [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] Extravasation Injury [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.9 ) ] Adverse reactions (frequency >5%) during infusion and within 24 hours post-infusion are nausea and fatigue. ( 6.1 ) Most common adverse reactions (≥15%) for NHL are lymphopenia, leukopenia, anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, fatigue, vomiting, diarrhea, pyrexia, constipation, anorexia, cough, headache, weight decreased, dyspnea, rash, and stomatitis.( 6.1 ). To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Apotex Corp. at 1-800-706-5575 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
Use in specific populations
Sourced from openFDALactation: Advise not to breastfeed. ( 8.2 ) Infertility: May impair fertility. ( 8.3 ) Renal Impairment: Do not use in patients with creatinine clearance <30 mL/min. ( 8.6 ) Hepatic Impairment: Do not use in patients with total bilirubin 1.5-3 x ULN and AST or ALT 2.5-10 x ULN, or total bilirubin >3 x ULN. ( 8.7 ) 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary In animal reproduction studies, intraperitoneal administration of bendamustine to pregnant mice and rats during organogenesis at doses 0.6 to 1.8 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) resulted in embryo-fetal and/or infant mortality, structural abnormalities, and alterations to growth (see Data). There are no available data on bendamustine hydrochloride use in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.
Pharmacokinetics
Sourced from openFDA- Metabolism
- Absorption Following a single IV dose of bendamustine hydrochloride C max typically occurred at the end of infusion. The dose proportionality of bendamustine has not been studied.
Overdosage
Sourced from openFDAThe intravenous LD 50 of bendamustine hydrochloride is 240 mg/m 2 in the mouse and rat. Toxicities included sedation, tremor, ataxia, convulsions and respiratory distress. Across all clinical experience, the reported maximum single dose received was 280 mg/m 2 . Three of four patients treated at this dose showed ECG changes considered dose-limiting at 7 and 21 days post-dosing. These changes included QT prolongation (one patient), sinus tachycardia (one patient), ST and T wave deviations (two patients) and left anterior fascicular block (one patient). Cardiac enzymes and ejection fractions remained normal in all patients. No specific antidote for bendamustine hydrochloride overdose is known. Management of overdosage should include general supportive measures, including monitoring of hematologic parameters and ECGs.
Approval history
Sourced from openFDA- Mar 20, 2008NDANDA022249Cephalon
- Dec 7, 2015NDANDA208194Eagle Pharms
- May 15, 2018NDANDA205580Eagle Pharms
- Dec 7, 2022NDANDA215033Apotex
- Dec 7, 2022NDANDA212209Azurity
- Dec 7, 2022ANDAANDA205574Accord Hlthcare
- Dec 15, 2022NDANDA216078Baxter Hlthcare Corp
- Jul 3, 2025NDANDA219014Avyxa Holdings
FAERS reports
- 1Off Label Use3,04411%
- 2Disease Progression2,74810%
- 3Pyrexia1,8957.1%
- 4Neutropenia1,6316.1%
- 5Drug Ineffective1,3655.1%
- 6Febrile Neutropenia1,3104.9%
- 7Thrombocytopenia1,2844.8%
- 8Pneumonia1,2734.8%
- 9Covid-191,1364.2%
- 10Anaemia1,1274.2%
- 11Death1,0894.1%
- 12Rash9623.6%
- 13Diarrhoea8303.1%
- 14Pancytopenia8223.1%
- 15Nausea7782.9%
Literature
Recent PubMed references pinned to Bendamustine as a MeSH major topic. Citations link to pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
- [New Onset of Graves' Orbitopathy Following Bendamustine-Rituximab (BR) therapy in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Case Report and Literature Review].Problemy endokrinologii · 2026 · Kozlov ED, Bessmertnaya EG, Chandola SS, et al.PMID 42227087DOI 10.14341/probl13616
- A dual green chromatographic platform for bioanalytical quantification and pharmacokinetic characterization of the BBD antineoplastic regimen.Analytica chimica acta · 2026 · Sharkawi MMZ, Amin NH, Mohamed NR, et al.PMID 42218001DOI 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345652
- Real-world use of polatuzumab vedotin combined with bendamustine and rituximab for patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026 · Kim C, Yoon SE, Kim HY, et al.PMID 41850221DOI 10.3904/kjim.2025.282
- Reduced-Dose Bendamustine as a First-Line Treatment of Follicular Lymphoma Is Associated With Poorer Prognosis.Cancer medicine · 2026 · Tanaka K, Takahata A, Noguchi Y, et al.PMID 41795805DOI 10.1002/cam4.71702
- Secondary primary malignancies in indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients receiving frontline bendamustine-rituximab.Cancer · 2026 · Davies GA, Prica A, Ante Z, et al.PMID 41773899DOI 10.1002/cncr.70327
- Balancing safety and efficacy of Bendamustine plus anti CD20 regimens in elderly patients (> 70 y) with follicular lymphoma: a tertiary academic center experience.Annals of hematology · 2026 · D'Antiga M, Danesin N, Leone G, et al.PMID 41642496DOI 10.1007/s00277-026-06770-2
- Short-term follow-up of anti-MAG neuropathy patients given bendamustine plus rituximab combination therapy.Revue neurologique · 2025 · Bezou N, Morel P, Hivert B, et al.PMID 41429677DOI 10.1016/j.neurol.2025.09.009
- Benefit of rituximab maintenance after first-line bendamustine-rituximab in patients with mantle cell lymphoma.Blood advances · 2026 · Wang Y, Larson MC, Hwang SR, et al.PMID 41380101DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2025018527
Clinical trials
The 10 most recently updated of 449 ClinicalTrials.gov registrations naming Bendamustine as an intervention. Registration is not evidence of efficacy or safety — reference crosswalk only.
- Study of CAR-T Cells Expressing CD30 and CCR4 for r/r CD30+ HL and CTCLActive not recruiting · Phase 1 · Interventional · 43 enrolled · UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer CenterNCT03602157updated 2026-06-12
- Tisagenlecleucel in Adult Patients With Aggressive B-cell Non-Hodgkin LymphomaCompleted · Phase 3 · Interventional · 330 enrolled · Novartis PharmaceuticalsNCT03570892updated 2026-06-12
- Efficacy and Safety of MB-CART2019.1 vs. SoC in Lymphoma PatientsRecruiting · Phase 2 · Interventional · 213 enrolled · Miltenyi Biomedicine GmbHNCT04844866updated 2026-06-10
- Phase II Trial of Venetoclax and Rituximab as Initial Therapy in Older Patients With Mantle Cell LymphomaTerminated · Phase 2 · Interventional · 7 enrolled · Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns HopkinsNCT05025423updated 2026-06-10
- CD19-Directed CAR-T Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory B Cell MalignanciesRecruiting · Phase 1 · Interventional · 25 enrolled · Mayo ClinicNCT04892277updated 2026-06-09
- A Clinical Trial of MK-1045 and Rituximab in People With Follicular Lymphoma (MK-1045-007)Not yet recruiting · Phase 2 · Phase 3 · Interventional · 960 enrolled · Merck Sharp & Dohme LLCNCT07634471updated 2026-06-08
- Zanubrutinib, Bendamustine, Rituximab Prev. Untreated WMRecruiting · Phase 2 · Interventional · 56 enrolled · Massachusetts General HospitalNCT06561347updated 2026-06-08
- Rituximab/Bendamustine + Rituximab/Cytarabine for Mantle Cell LymphomaActive not recruiting · Phase 2 · Interventional · 23 enrolled · Christine RyanNCT01661881updated 2026-06-08
- Study of Mosunetuzumab Plus Lenalidomide Compared to Anti-CD20 Anti-body + Chemotherapy in Follicular Lymphoma FLIPI2-5Recruiting · Phase 3 · Interventional · 790 enrolled · The Lymphoma Academic Research OrganisationNCT06284122updated 2026-06-05
- A Study of Zilovertamab Vedotin (MK-2140) in Combination With Standard of Care in Participants With Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (rrDLBCL) (MK-2140-003)Recruiting · Phase 2 · Phase 3 · Interventional · 290 enrolled · Merck Sharp & Dohme LLCNCT05139017updated 2026-06-04
Frequently asked questions
- How does Bendamustine work?
- Bendamustine is a bifunctional mechlorethamine derivative containing a purine-like benzimidazole ring. Mechlorethamine and its derivatives form electrophilic alkyl groups.
- What is Bendamustine used for?
- According to FDA labeling, Bendamustine carries indications including: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) Bendamustine hydrochloride injection is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that has progressed during or within six months of treatment with rituximab or a rituximab-containing regimen. Bendamustine hydrochloride injection is an alkylating drug indicated for treatment of adult patients with: • Indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that has progressed during or within six months of treatment with rituximab or a rituximab-containing regimen.. This is a reference summary of labeled uses, not medical advice or a treatment recommendation.
- What class of drug is Bendamustine?
- Bendamustine is classified as Nitrogen mustard analogues, Alkylating Drug, Alkylating Activity.
- What are the brand names for Bendamustine?
- Bendamustine is marketed under brand names including Belrapzo, Bendeka, Treanda, Vivimusta.
- What are the contraindications for Bendamustine?
- Bendamustine labeling lists contraindications including: Bendamustine hydrochloride injection is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions) to bendamustine, polyethylene glycol 400, absolute ethanol, sodium hydroxide and monothioglycerol. [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] Bendamustine hydrochloride injection is contraindicated in patients with a history of a hypersensitivity reaction to bendamustine, polyethylene glycol 400, absolute ethanol, sodium hydroxide and monothioglycerol.. Always consult the full prescribing information and a clinician.
bendamustine is illustrative MVP content compiled from public sources. pharmacopeia is for educational and informational use only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.