pharmacopeia

Glossary

The identifiers, classification systems, and clinical and data terms you'll meet across pharmacopeia, defined in plain language. Definitions are reference-style, never clinical advice.

26 terms

Identifiers

4

RxCUI

RxNorm Concept Unique Identifier
A numeric identifier assigned by RxNorm (maintained by the U.S. National Library of Medicine) to a drug concept. RxCUIs let you link a drug across systems that all reference RxNorm.

UNII

Unique Ingredient Identifier
A non-proprietary, alphanumeric code from the FDA's Substance Registration System that uniquely identifies a substance based on its molecular structure or descriptive information.

NDC

National Drug Code
A unique, three-segment number that is the FDA's universal product identifier for human drugs marketed in the United States. It encodes the labeler, product, and package size.

DrugBank ID

An accession number (for example DB00331) from DrugBank that identifies a drug entry. pharmacopeia references DrugBank's open data release only.

Classification

4

ATC code

Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification
The WHO's hierarchical system that classifies drugs by the organ or system they act on and their therapeutic, pharmacological, and chemical properties. A code such as A10BA02 places metformin within the biguanide blood-glucose-lowering drugs.

EPC

Established Pharmacologic Class
An FDA-curated pharmacologic class assigned to a drug, describing its scientifically documented mechanism of action in a standardized phrase shown on labeling.

Mechanism of action

MoA
The specific biochemical interaction through which a drug produces its effect — for example, the molecular target it binds and what that binding does. In pharmacopeia, mechanism is a distinct, separately-sourced section of each drug record.

Drug class

A grouping of drugs that share a chemical structure, mechanism of action, or therapeutic use. pharmacopeia models classes from several systems (ATC, EPC, MoA, and MeSH) rather than a single taxonomy.

Clinical concepts

7

Indication

A condition or use for which a drug is approved or recognized. In pharmacopeia, indications are reference facts drawn from labeling — not a recommendation that a given drug is appropriate for a given patient.

Contraindication

A situation in which a drug should not be used because the risk clearly outweighs any benefit. Listed for reference only; clinical judgment always governs real use.

Boxed warning

Black box warning
The FDA's strongest labeling warning, used to highlight serious or life-threatening risks. It appears, when present, as a dedicated section of a drug's label record.

Adverse reaction

Adverse eventSide effect
An undesirable effect associated with use of a drug. pharmacopeia surfaces the adverse-reactions section of FDA labeling as structured text.

Drug interaction

A change in a drug's effect caused by another drug, food, or condition taken together. pharmacopeia models known pairwise interactions with a severity grade, a mechanism, and a reference-style note.

Pharmacokinetics

PKADME
What the body does to a drug — its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Often summarized by parameters such as half-life and route of elimination.

Half-life

The time required for the concentration of a drug in the body to fall to half its value. A core pharmacokinetic parameter that informs dosing frequency.

Chemistry

5

SMILES

Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System
A compact text notation that encodes a molecule's structure as a line of ASCII characters, so a chemical structure can be stored and transmitted as a string.

InChIKey

A fixed-length, hashed version of the IUPAC International Chemical Identifier (InChI). Its uniformity makes it ideal as a database key and for web searches that resolve to a specific compound.

Active ingredient

The component of a drug product that is pharmacologically active and responsible for its intended effect, as distinct from excipients (inactive ingredients).

Tanimoto similarity

A coefficient between 0 and 1 measuring how similar two molecules are based on their structural fingerprints. pharmacopeia uses it to rank structurally similar drugs from PubChem 2D fingerprints.

Brand name

Proprietary nameTrade name
The marketed name a manufacturer gives a product, as opposed to the generic (nonproprietary) ingredient name. A single generic can have many brand names; pharmacopeia maintains a brand-to-generic crosswalk.

Platform & data

6

Slug

A stable, human-readable, lowercase-with-hyphens key (for example metformin) used to address every entity in pharmacopeia. Slugs never change and numeric database IDs are never exposed in the API.

Provenance

The per-record audit trail attached to every fact in pharmacopeia: the canonical source URL, a source hash, when it was extracted, which extractor produced it, and a confidence score. It is how you verify any field and how the pipeline knows what to refresh.

Jurisdiction

The regulatory region a record describes. v0 is US-FDA only; additional jurisdictions are added additively rather than by forking the dataset, because the same drug can be labeled differently in different regions.

AI-extracted

A provenance label for content an LLM produced or rewrote. It is flagged with a visible badge so you read it critically and cross-check the linked source. Contrast with auto-sourced and curated content.

Auto-sourced

A provenance label for content a script fetched directly from a structured, authoritative source such as openFDA or RxNav. Humans wrote the words; the pipeline only shipped them.

Idempotent pipeline

An ingest or extraction step that can be re-run safely without creating duplicates or corrupting data. pharmacopeia achieves this with upserts keyed on the source, source hash, and section.

Definitions are simplified for a developer audience. For authoritative wording, follow each entity's cited source.

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