Sodium

• This sterile, nonpyrogenic electrolyte solution is indicated for all general irrigation, washing, rinsing and dilution purposes including blood cell washing (when used in conjunction with automated intraoperative blood salvaging equipment).

• NOT FOR INJECTION BY USUAL PARENTERAL ROUTES. An electrolyte solution should not be used for irrigation during electrosurgical procedures.contraindicated

The dose is dependent upon the capacity or surface area of the structure to be irrigated and the nature of the procedure. When used as a diluent or vehicle for other drugs, the manufacturer's recommendations should be followed. For use in cell washing, the manufacturer's recommendations for blood salvaging and red cell processing should be followed. Drug Interactions Additives may be incompatible. Consult with pharmacist, if available. When introducing additives, use aseptic technique, mix thoroughly and do not store. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution container permits. See PRECAUTIONS .

FOR IRRIGATION ONLY. NOT FOR INJECTION. Entry of a hypotonic solution into the circulation may cause hemolysis. Irrigating fluids have been demonstrated to enter the systemic circulation in relatively large volumes; thus, each of these irrigations must be regarded as a systemic drug. Absorption of large amounts can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration, congested states or pulmonary edema. The risk of dilutional states is inversely proportional to the electrolyte concentrations of administered parenteral solutions. The risk of solute overload causing congested states with peripheral and pulmonary edema is directly proportional to the electrolyte concentrations of such solutions. Do not heat over 66° C (150° F).

Possible adverse effects arising from the irrigation of body cavities, tissues, cells or indwelling catheters and tubes are usually avoidable when proper procedures are followed. Displaced catheters or drainage tubes can lead to irrigation or infiltration of unintended structures or cavities. Excessive volume or pressure during irrigation of closed cavities may cause undue distension or disruption of tissues. Accidental contamination from careless technique may transmit infection. Should any adverse reaction occur, discontinue the irrigant, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate therapeutic countermeasures and save the remainder of the fluid for examination if deemed necessary.

In the event of overhydration or solute overload, re-evaluate the patient and institute appropriate corrective measures. See WARNINGS , PRECAUTIONS and ADVERSE REACTIONS .

• May 8, 1956NDANDA010379King Pharms
• Mar 22, 1972NDANDA017037Hikma
• Aug 13, 1975NDANDA017586Otsuka Icu Medcl
• Apr 12, 1977NDANDA017799Otsuka Icu Medcl
• Sep 27, 1978NDANDA017512Vantive Us Hlthcare
• Feb 2, 1979NDANDA018016Baxter Hlthcare
• May 10, 1983NDANDA018892Hospira
• Jul 13, 1984NDANDA019011Azurity

1. 1Drug Ineffective209,32010.0%
2. 2Off Label Use114,7085.5%
3. 3Fatigue113,5545.4%
4. 4Nausea112,1365.3%
5. 5Pain101,0114.8%
6. 6Headache87,3254.2%
7. 7Dyspnoea85,8524.1%
8. 8Diarrhoea85,3274.1%
9. 9Arthralgia81,9373.9%
10. 10Vomiting71,1333.4%
11. 11Dizziness66,2393.2%
12. 12Rash60,7332.9%
13. 13Pyrexia59,9582.9%
14. 14Malaise59,1532.8%
15. 15Pneumonia58,9232.8%

Recent PubMed references pinned to Sodium as a MeSH major topic. Citations link to pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

• Impact of inorganic nitrate on renal sodium excretion during saline loading in healthy adults; secondary endpoints from a randomized crossover trial.
  Physiological reports · 2026 · Østergaard AM, Rosenbæk JB, Ejlersen JA, et al.
  PMID 42237694DOI 10.14814/phy2.70919
• Calf Bioimpedance Analysis: A Novel Approach for Evaluating Hydration Status in Pediatric Dialysis Patients Under High Dialysate Sodium.
  Iranian journal of kidney diseases · 2025 · Firouzmand M, Noori S, Nafisi VR, et al.
  PMID 42234909
• The Association Between Serum Sodium Variation During Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Admission and the Risk of Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
  Iranian journal of kidney diseases · 2026 · Pournasiri Z, Nikparast A, Bakhtiary M, et al.
  PMID 42234884DOI 10.61882/ijkd.19.06.8917
• SELEX-derived potassium aptamers for robust detection in a physiological sodium background.
  Biosensors & bioelectronics · 2026 · Zhao Q, Chen K, Liu S, et al.
  PMID 42224769DOI 10.1016/j.bios.2026.118881
• Validity of the Ajinomoto Group Nutrient Profiling System Against Two 24 h Urinary Excretions of Sodium, Potassium and Protein in Japanese Adults.
  Nutrients · 2026 · Jinzu H, Nii S, Arima K, et al.
  PMID 42197083DOI 10.3390/nu18101623
• Deciphering the Diagnostic and Natural Therapeutic Implications of Necrosis by Sodium Overload and NK Signatures in Endometriosis Patients.
  International journal of molecular sciences · 2026 · Du J, Lv Z
  PMID 42196513DOI 10.3390/ijms27104535
• Cellular and subcellular heterogeneity of astrocytic Na⁺ homeostasis tuning astrocytes into functionally distinct subgroups in the mouse brain.
  Nature communications · 2026 · Meyer J, Bornemann V, Bhattarai A, et al.
  PMID 42161940DOI 10.1038/s41467-026-73435-z
• Stem sodium sequestration and photosynthetic maintenance correlate with distinct intraspecific salt tolerance in Chinese cork oak (Quercus variabilis).
  Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology · 2026 · Wang H, Chen X, Cao Y, et al.
  PMID 42155701DOI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113219

The 10 most recently updated of 12,637 ClinicalTrials.gov registrations naming Sodium as an intervention. Registration is not evidence of efficacy or safety — reference crosswalk only.

• A Study to Compare Blinatumomab Alone to Blinatumomab With Nivolumab in Patients Diagnosed With First Relapse B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL)
  Recruiting · Phase 2 · Interventional · 461 enrolled · National Cancer Institute (NCI)
  NCT04546399updated 2026-06-12
• Comparison of Endodontic Postoperative Pain Using Different Irrigation Systems
  Completed · Interventional · 108 enrolled · Qassim University
  NCT06358833updated 2026-06-12
• Treating Metabolic Acidosis in Chronic Kidney Disease to Prevent Adverse Kidney and Cardiovascular Outcomes
  Completed · Interventional · 108 enrolled · Donald Wesson
  NCT06545461updated 2026-06-12
• Hot Flashes and Neurovascular Function in Women
  Recruiting · Interventional · 120 enrolled · Mayo Clinic
  NCT05193968updated 2026-06-12
• 177Lu-DOTA-EB-TATE in Adult Patients With Metastatic, Radioactive Iodine Non-Responsive Oncocytic (Hurthle-Cell) Thyroid Cancer
  Not yet recruiting · Phase 1 · Phase 2 · Interventional · 18 enrolled · National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
  NCT06991738updated 2026-06-12
• First-in-Human PfSPZ-LARC2 Vaccination/CHMI
  Active not recruiting · Phase 1 · Interventional · 22 enrolled · National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
  NCT06735209updated 2026-06-12
• Biological, Radiographic and Clinical Evaluation of Various Inter-Visit Root Canal Dressings in Retreatment Cases
  Recruiting · Phase 1 · Interventional · 60 enrolled · Ain Shams University
  NCT07641933updated 2026-06-12
• A Trial to Evaluate Multiple Regimens in Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent Glioblastoma
  Recruiting · Phase 2 · Phase 3 · Interventional · 2,250 enrolled · Global Coalition for Adaptive Research
  NCT03970447updated 2026-06-12
• Safety Evaluation of PfSPZ Vaccine in Pregnant Women in Mali (MalVIP1)
  Suspended · Phase 1 · Interventional · 400 enrolled · National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
  NCT05652504updated 2026-06-12
• Safety and Efficacy Study of Meningococcal Group B Vaccine rMenB+OMV NZ (Bexsero) to Prevent Gonococcal Infection
  Active not recruiting · Phase 2 · Interventional · 2,606 enrolled · National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
  NCT04350138updated 2026-06-12

Frequently asked questions

What is Sodium used for?

According to FDA labeling, Sodium carries indications including: This sterile, nonpyrogenic electrolyte solution is indicated for all general irrigation, washing, rinsing and dilution purposes including blood cell washing (when used in conjunction with automated intraoperative blood salvaging equipment).. This is a reference summary of labeled uses, not medical advice or a treatment recommendation.

What are the contraindications for Sodium?

Sodium labeling lists contraindications including: NOT FOR INJECTION BY USUAL PARENTERAL ROUTES. An electrolyte solution should not be used for irrigation during electrosurgical procedures.. Always consult the full prescribing information and a clinician.