Sodium Acetate
/api/v1/drug/sodium-acetateMechanism of action
Sourced from openFDAMechanism-of-action classes: Acid-Base Activity; Electrolyte Activity.
Indications
Sourced from openFDA- Sodium Acetate Injection, USP 40 mEq is indicated as a source of sodium, for addition to large volume intravenous fluids to prevent or correct hyponatremia in patients with restricted or no oral intake. It is also useful as an additive for preparing specific intravenous fluid formulas when the needs of the patient cannot be met by standard electrolyte or nutrient solutions.ICD-10: E87.1
Contraindications
Sourced from openFDA- Sodium Acetate Injection, USP 40 mEq is contraindicated in patients with hypernatremia or fluid retention.contraindicated
Dosage & administration
Sourced from openFDASodium Acetate Injection, USP 40 mEq is administered intravenously only after dilution in a larger volume of fluid . The dose and rate of administration are dependent upon the individual needs of the patient. Serum sodium should be monitored as a guide to dosage. Using aseptic technique, all or part of the contents of one or more vials may be added to other intravenous fluids to provide any desired number of milliequivalents (mEq) of sodium (Na + ) with an equal number of acetate (CH 3 COO - ). Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. See PRECAUTIONS .
Warnings & precautions
Sourced from openFDASodium Acetate Injection, USP 40 mEq must be diluted before use. To avoid sodium overload and water retention, infuse sodium-containing solutions slowly. Solutions containing sodium ions should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency and in clinical states in which there exists edema with sodium retention. In patients with diminished renal function, administration of solutions containing sodium ions may result in sodium retention. Solutions containing acetate ions should be used with great care in patients with metabolic or respiratory alkalosis. Acetate should be administered with great care in those conditions in which there is an increased level or an impaired utilization of this ion, such as severe hepatic insufficiency. The intravenous administration of this solution (after appropriate dilution) can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of other serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration, congested states or pulmonary edema. Excessive administration of potassium free solutions may result in significant hypokalemia. WARNING: This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum.
Adverse reactions
Sourced from openFDASodium overload can occur with intravenous infusion of excessive amounts of sodium-containing solutions. See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS .
Overdosage
Sourced from openFDAIn the event of overdosage, discontinue infusion containing sodium acetate immediately and institute corrective therapy as indicated to reduce elevated serum sodium levels, and restore acid- base balance if necessary. See WARNINGS , PRECAUTIONS and ADVERSE REACTIONS .
Approval history
Sourced from openFDA- Aug 13, 1975NDANDA017586Otsuka Icu Medcl
- Aug 13, 1975NDANDA017609Otsuka Icu Medcl
- Feb 2, 1979NDANDA017378Baxter Hlthcare
- May 4, 1983NDANDA018893Hospira
- Jun 8, 1984NDANDA019024B Braun
- Jul 20, 1984NDANDA018895Hospira
- Sep 29, 1989NDANDA019711B Braun
- Sep 29, 1989NDANDA019696B Braun
FDA shortages
Reference statistics from the openFDA drug-shortage dataset. For a live view, consult the FDA database directly. Not clinical guidance.
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 100 mEq/50 mL (2 mEq/mL) (NDC 0409-3299-05)ActiveSponsor: Hospira, Inc., a Pfizer CompanyUpdated
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 100 mEq/50 mL (2 mEq/mL) (NDC 0409-3299-26)ActiveSponsor: Hospira, Inc., a Pfizer CompanyUpdated
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 100 mEq/50mL (2 mEq/mL) (NDC 0641-6262-01)ActiveSponsor: Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. · Reason: Demand increase for the drugUpdated
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 100 mEq/50mL (2 mEq/mL) (NDC 71357-007-10)ActiveSponsor: Milla PharmaceuticalsUpdated
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 200 mEq/100 mL (2 mEq/mL) (NDC 0409-3299-06)ActiveSponsor: Hospira, Inc., a Pfizer Company · Reason: OtherUpdated
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 200 mEq/100 mL (2 mEq/mL) (NDC 0409-3299-25)ActiveSponsor: Hospira, Inc., a Pfizer CompanyUpdated
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 200 mEq/100mL (2 mEq/mL) (NDC 71357-008-10)ActiveSponsor: Milla PharmaceuticalsUpdated
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 4 meq/100 mL (NDC 63323-032-00)ActiveSponsor: Fresenius Kabi USA, LLCUpdated
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 40 mEq/20 mL (2 mEq/mL) (NDC 0409-7299-25)ActiveSponsor: Hospira, Inc., a Pfizer CompanyUpdated
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 40 mEq/20 mL (2 mEq/mL) (NDC 0409-7299-73)ActiveSponsor: Hospira, Inc., a Pfizer CompanyUpdated
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 40 mEq/20mL (2 mEq/mL) (NDC 0641-6261-01)ActiveSponsor: Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.Updated
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 40 mEq/20mL (2 mEq/mL) (NDC 71357-002-10)ActiveSponsor: Milla PharmaceuticalsUpdated
- Sodium Acetate, Injection, 400 mEq/100mL (4 mEq/mL) (NDC 71357-009-10)ActiveSponsor: Milla Pharmaceuticals · Reason: OtherUpdated
FAERS reports
- 1Off Label Use336.2%
- 2Nausea295.5%
- 3Death285.3%
- 4Pyrexia275.1%
- 5Dyspnoea254.7%
- 6No Adverse Event224.2%
- 7Vomiting214.0%
- 8Diarrhoea203.8%
- 9Pain193.6%
- 10Pneumonia193.6%
- 11Atrial Fibrillation183.4%
- 12Sepsis183.4%
- 13Anaemia163.0%
- 14Asthenia163.0%
- 15Respiratory Failure163.0%
Literature
Recent PubMed references pinned to Sodium Acetate as a MeSH major topic. Citations link to pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
- Modulation of innate immunity, antioxidant capacity, intestinal barrier and disease resistant in common carp by dietary sodium acetate.Developmental and comparative immunology · 2026 · Cui W, Liu X, Yuan X, et al.PMID 42103245DOI 10.1016/j.dci.2026.105621
- Evaluation of the effects of Plasma-Lyte 148 or 0.9% saline on acid-base balance in patients undergoing neurosurgery: a randomized clinical trial.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026 · Thom MM, Barros GAM, Fonseca LGF, et al.PMID 42018822DOI 10.31744/einstein_journal/2026AO1574
- Sodium Acetate Attenuates Fructose-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cardiometabolic Disorders in Pregnant Wistar Rats.Nigerian journal of physiological sciences : official publication of the Physiological Society of Nigeria · 2025 · Oyabambi O, Agbaraolorunpo FM, Adekanye EA, et al.PMID 42008328DOI 10.54548/njps.v40i2.15
- A chromatographic approach to avoid the matrix effect caused by sodium acetate clusters in the liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of free fatty acids in human plasma.Journal of chromatography. A · 2026 · Fukushima Y, Yamamoto K, Machida K, et al.PMID 41985367DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2026.466987
- Optimization of PHBV Synthesis Using Acetate as a Carbon Source by Paracoccus shandongensis wg2 via Response Surface Methodology.Current microbiology · 2026 · Gan Y, Chang F, Yu C, et al.PMID 41874683DOI 10.1007/s00284-026-04829-x
- A randomized, double blinded, pilot trial to compare the safety and efficacy of sodium chloride and sodium acetate combination intravenous fluids in acute stroke patients.Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2026 · Qureshi AI, Wasay M, Saleem S, et al.PMID 41702360DOI 10.1016/j.jocn.2026.111915
- Enhancing bioavailability of alkaline-lysed waste activated sludge by using sodium acetate to suppress iron-mediated humification.Bioresource technology · 2026 · Xu C, Yang J, Shen H, et al.PMID 41692307DOI 10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134225
- The effect of dietary supplementation with varying levels of sodium acetate on lipid metabolism and muscle quality in yellow feathered broiler chicken.Poultry science · 2026 · Jing W, Wang F, Zhang F, et al.PMID 41678890DOI 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106600
Clinical trials
The 10 most recently updated of 278 ClinicalTrials.gov registrations naming Sodium Acetate as an intervention. Registration is not evidence of efficacy or safety — reference crosswalk only.
- A Study to Compare Blinatumomab Alone to Blinatumomab With Nivolumab in Patients Diagnosed With First Relapse B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL)Recruiting · Phase 2 · Interventional · 461 enrolled · National Cancer Institute (NCI)NCT04546399updated 2026-06-12
- 177Lu-DOTA-EB-TATE in Adult Patients With Metastatic, Radioactive Iodine Non-Responsive Oncocytic (Hurthle-Cell) Thyroid CancerNot yet recruiting · Phase 1 · Phase 2 · Interventional · 18 enrolled · National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)NCT06991738updated 2026-06-12
- A Trial to Evaluate Multiple Regimens in Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent GlioblastomaRecruiting · Phase 2 · Phase 3 · Interventional · 2,250 enrolled · Global Coalition for Adaptive ResearchNCT03970447updated 2026-06-12
- F-18 Sodium Fluoride PET/CT Guided Versus Ultrasound- Guided Intra-articular Injections in Chronic Low BackacheCompleted · Interventional · 40 enrolled · Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, ChandigarhNCT07632508updated 2026-06-08
- Effect of Metformin, a Drug Used to Treat Diabetes, vs PlaceboActive not recruiting · Phase 4 · Interventional · 150 enrolled · University of California, Los AngelesNCT05949008updated 2026-06-08
- Combination Chemotherapy With or Without Bortezomib in Treating Younger Patients With Newly Diagnosed T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia or Stage II-IV T-Cell Lymphoblastic LymphomaActive not recruiting · Phase 3 · Interventional · 847 enrolled · National Cancer Institute (NCI)NCT02112916updated 2026-06-03
- Infliximab and Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Treating Patients With Steroid-Refractory PneumonitisTerminated · Phase 2 · Interventional · 1 enrolled · ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research GroupNCT04438382updated 2026-06-02
- Clinical Study of DTX301 AAV-Mediated Gene Transfer for Ornithine Transcarbamylase (OTC) DeficiencyActive not recruiting · Phase 3 · Interventional · 37 enrolled · Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical IncNCT05345171updated 2026-06-02
- Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Young Patients With Newly Diagnosed High-Risk B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Ph-Like TKI Sensitive MutationsCompleted · Phase 3 · Interventional · 5,949 enrolled · National Cancer Institute (NCI)NCT02883049updated 2026-06-02
- Balanced Crystalloid vs Normal Saline in Pediatric Acute GastroenteritisRecruiting · Observational · 180 enrolled · Aydin Adnan Menderes UniversityNCT07610382updated 2026-05-28
Frequently asked questions
- How does Sodium Acetate work?
- Mechanism-of-action classes: Acid-Base Activity; Electrolyte Activity.
- What is Sodium Acetate used for?
- According to FDA labeling, Sodium Acetate carries indications including: Sodium Acetate Injection, USP 40 mEq is indicated as a source of sodium, for addition to large volume intravenous fluids to prevent or correct hyponatremia in patients with restricted or no oral intake. It is also useful as an additive for preparing specific intravenous fluid formulas when the needs of the patient cannot be met by standard electrolyte or nutrient solutions.. This is a reference summary of labeled uses, not medical advice or a treatment recommendation.
- What class of drug is Sodium Acetate?
- Sodium Acetate is classified as Electrolyte solutions, Acid-Base Activity, Electrolyte Activity.
- What are the brand names for Sodium Acetate?
- Sodium Acetate is marketed under brand names including BSS Ophthalmic Solution, Clinimix E 2.75/5, Clinimix E 4.25/10, Clinimix E 4.25/5, Clinimix E 5/15, Clinimix E 5/20, Clinimix E 5/25, Isolyte P.
- What are the contraindications for Sodium Acetate?
- Sodium Acetate labeling lists contraindications including: Sodium Acetate Injection, USP 40 mEq is contraindicated in patients with hypernatremia or fluid retention.. Always consult the full prescribing information and a clinician.
sodium-acetate is illustrative MVP content compiled from public sources. pharmacopeia is for educational and informational use only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.