Vitamin K

Mechanism-of-action class: Unknown Cellular or Molecular Interaction.

• Multiple vitamins injection (adult) is a combination of vitamins indicated for the prevention of vitamin deficiency in adults and children aged 11 and older receiving parenteral nutrition. The physician should not await the development of clinical signs of vitamin deficiency before initiating vitamin therapy.

• Multiple vitamins injection (adult) is contraindicated in patients who have • An existing hypervitaminosis, or • A history of hypersensitivity due to any vitamins or excipients contained in this formulation.contraindicated

• Multiple vitamins injection (adult) is a combination product that contains the following vitamins: ascorbic acid, vitamin A, vitamin D, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacinamide, dexpanthenol, vitamin E, vitamin K 1 , folic acid, biotin, and vitamin B 12 ( 2.1 ) • Multiple vitamins injection (adult) is for administration by intravenous infusion after dilution ( 2.1 ) • Recommended daily dosage is 10 mL ( 2.1 ) • Multiple vitamins injection (adult) is supplied as a pharmacy bulk package. Pharmacy Bulk Package : Add the contents of Vial 1 to the contents of Vial 2. This provides ten 10 mL daily doses. Take 10 mL from Vial 2 and add to not less than 500 mL, and preferably 1,000 mL, of intravenous dextrose, saline or similar infusion solutions. ( 2.2 ) • After dilution in an intravenous infusion, refrigerate resulting solution unless used immediately. Use solution within 24 hours after dilution ( 2.2 ) • Monitor blood vitamin concentrations ( 2.3 ) • See Full Prescribing Information for drug incompatibilities ( 2.4 ) 2.1 Important Dosage Instructions Multiple vitamins injection (adult) is a combination product that contains the following vitamins: ascorbic acid, vitamin A, vitamin D, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacinamide, dexpanthenol, vitamin E, vitamin K 1 , folic acid, biotin, and vitamin B 12 . Multiple vitamins injection (adult) is supplied as a pharmacy bulk package for intravenous use intended for administration by intravenous infusion after dilution.

• Risk of Aluminum Toxicity: For at risk patients (renal failure or those with prolonged therapy), consider periodic monitoring of aluminum levels ( 5.1 ) • Allergic Reactions: To thiamine may occur ( 5.2 ) • Hypervitaminosis A : Patients with renal failure or liver disease may be at higher risk ( 5.3 ) • Decreased Anticoagulant Effect of Warfarin: Monitor INR ( 5.4 , 7.1 ) • Interferes with Megaloblastic Anemia Diagnosis: Avoid during testing for this disorder ( 5.5 ) • Risk of Vitamin Deficiencies or Excesses: Monitor blood vitamin concentrations ( 5.6 ) • False Negative Urine Glucose Tests: Due to vitamin C ( 5.7 ) 5.1 Aluminum Toxicity Multiple vitamins injection (adult) contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solution, which contain aluminum. Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration. To prevent aluminum toxicity periodically monitor aluminum levels with prolonged parenteral administration of multiple vitamins injection (adult) in patients with renal impairment.

The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other section of the labeling. • Allergic reactions to thiamine [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 ) ]. • Hypervitaminosis A [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 ) ] The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of multiple vitamins injection (adult). Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Dermatologic: rash, erythema, pruritis CNS: headache, dizziness, agitation, anxiety Ophthalmic: diplopia Adverse reactions have included anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions including shortness of breath, wheezing and angioedema, rash, erythema, pruritis, headache, dizziness, agitation, anxiety, diplopia ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Apotex Corp. at 1-800-706-5575 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch

• Pregnancy and Lactation: Pregnant and lactating patients should follow the U.S. Recommended Daily Allowances for their condition, because their vitamin requirements may exceed those of nonpregnant and nonlactating patients ( 8.1 , 8.2 ) • Renal Impairment: Monitor renal function, calcium, phosphorus and vitamin A levels in patients with renal impairment ( 8.6 ) • Hepatic Impairment: Monitor vitamin A level in patients with liver disease, high alcohol consumption ( 8.7 ) 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Administration of the approved recommended dose of multiple vitamins injection (adult) in parental nutrition is not expected to cause major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Pregnant patients should follow the U.S. Recommended Daily Allowances for pregnancy because their vitamin requirements may exceed those of nonpregnant patients. Deficiency of essential vitamins may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes (see Clinical Considerations). Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with multiple vitamins injection (adult). The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S.

Signs and symptoms of acute or chronic overdosage may be those of individual multiple vitamins injection (adult) component toxicity. In postmarketed surveillance, overdosage with multiple vitamins injection (adult) at two times the prescribed dose did not result in toxicity.

• Apr 9, 2026ANDAANDA210672Apotex

Recent PubMed references pinned to Vitamin K as a MeSH major topic. Citations link to pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

• Comparable Protective Effects of Low- and High-Dose MK-7 on Bone Structure and Remodeling in a Rat Model of Osteoporosis Induced by Estrogen Deficiency and Glucocorticoid Exposure.
  Nutrients · 2026 · Chiang HJ, Hsu SY, Leu S, et al.
  PMID 42197064DOI 10.3390/nu18101605
• Effects of Menaquinone-7 on Bone Turnover Markers, Femoral Mechanical Resistance, and Histology in Young Ovariectomized Rats.
  Nutrients · 2026 · Jecan A, Tomoaia G, Gherman LM, et al.
  PMID 42196970DOI 10.3390/nu18101510
• Vitamin K Biochemistry and Pharmacokinetics: The Basis of Late Vitamin K Deficiency Intracranial Bleeding in Early Infancy.
  International journal of molecular sciences · 2026 · Perrone S, Beretta V, Raitano V, et al.
  PMID 42123580DOI 10.3390/ijms27094000
• Nano-in-micro dry powder formulations combining azithromycin and menadione as adjuvant against pulmonary P. aeruginosa infections.
  International journal of pharmaceutics · 2026 · Shehu K, Osti J, Hittinger M, et al.
  PMID 42097470DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2026.126965
• Vitamin K2 (MK7) alleviates arsenic-induced cardiac hypertrophy by suppressing the EGR3/BOK mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
  Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology · 2026 · Liu N, Zhao Q, Xu G, et al.
  PMID 42097002DOI 10.1016/j.phymed.2026.158262
• Vitamin D3 and K2-loaded keratin nanoparticles inhibit breast cancer cell growth via MCM-7 downregulation and ROS induction.
  International journal of biological macromolecules · 2026 · Mukherjee S, Bhavya K, Dan S, et al.
  PMID 42092663DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2026.152374
• Vitamin K as an Endocrine Modulator: Mechanistic Links to Glucose Metabolism and Beyond.
  Nutrients · 2026 · Matuszewski W, Madeksza M, Szklarz M, et al.
  PMID 42074997DOI 10.3390/nu18081183
• Vitamin K2 Extends Lifespan by Alleviating Mitochondrial Stress via the JNK-1/SIR-2.1/DAF-16 Signaling Axis in Caenorhabditis elegans.
  Aging cell · 2026 · Guo SY, Li YQ, Piao H, et al.
  PMID 42070156DOI 10.1111/acel.70530

The 10 most recently updated of 497 ClinicalTrials.gov registrations naming Vitamin K as an intervention. Registration is not evidence of efficacy or safety — reference crosswalk only.

• STudy of Aspirin Removal in Patients Supported by the Fully Magnetically Levitated CH-VAD Pump
  Not yet recruiting · Phase 4 · Interventional · 370 enrolled · China National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases
  NCT07644247updated 2026-06-12
• CHAMPION-AF Clinical Trial
  Active not recruiting · Interventional · 3,000 enrolled · Boston Scientific Corporation
  NCT04394546updated 2026-06-12
• Aortic Calcification and Vitamin K Antagonists
  Completed · Observational · 73 enrolled · Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Amiens
  NCT02823093updated 2026-06-12
• Antithrombotic Treatment Strategies in Cervical Artery Dissection
  Not yet recruiting · Interventional · 1,100 enrolled · University Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER
  NCT07639892updated 2026-06-10
• A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Multiple Doses of JNJ-56021927 on the Pharmacokinetics of Multiple Cytochrome P450 and Transporter Substrates in Participants With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
  Active not recruiting · Phase 1 · Interventional · 23 enrolled · Aragon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
  NCT02592317updated 2026-06-05
• Discontinuation of Anticoagulations After Successful Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
  Recruiting · Early phase 1 · Interventional · 3,160 enrolled · China National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases
  NCT06615596updated 2026-06-04
• Escalated Single Platelet Inhibition for One Month Plus NOAC in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and ACS Undergoing PCI
  Completed · Phase 4 · Interventional · 602 enrolled · Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich
  NCT04981041updated 2026-06-02
• The OK Daily Study
  Not yet recruiting · Interventional · 134 enrolled · Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
  NCT07620236updated 2026-06-02
• Stepwise vs Standard Anticoagulation for AF Patients Undergoing CIED Implantation (STEP-AF)
  Not yet recruiting · Interventional · 424 enrolled · Fu Wai Hospital, Beijing, China
  NCT07616414updated 2026-06-01
• Anticoagulation in Patients With Venous Thromboembolism and Cancer
  Active not recruiting · Observational · 1 enrolled · Pfizer
  NCT04618913updated 2026-05-26

CPIC-curated drug–gene pairs for Vitamin K. Levels describe the strength of curated evidence and guideline status — never a recommendation to test or to adjust therapy.

• G6PDCPIC C
  G6PD

Frequently asked questions

How does Vitamin K work?

Mechanism-of-action class: Unknown Cellular or Molecular Interaction.

What is Vitamin K used for?

According to FDA labeling, Vitamin K carries indications including: Multiple vitamins injection (adult) is a combination of vitamins indicated for the prevention of vitamin deficiency in adults and children aged 11 and older receiving parenteral nutrition. The physician should not await the development of clinical signs of vitamin deficiency before initiating vitamin therapy.. This is a reference summary of labeled uses, not medical advice or a treatment recommendation.

What class of drug is Vitamin K?

Vitamin K is classified as Unknown Cellular or Molecular Interaction, Increased Prothrombin Activity, Reversed Anticoagulation Activity.

What are the brand names for Vitamin K?

Vitamin K is marketed under brand names including Viactiv Calcium Plus D.

What are the contraindications for Vitamin K?

Vitamin K labeling lists contraindications including: Multiple vitamins injection (adult) is contraindicated in patients who have • An existing hypervitaminosis, or • A history of hypersensitivity due to any vitamins or excipients contained in this formulation.. Always consult the full prescribing information and a clinician.