Barium Sulfate
/api/v1/drug/barium-sulfateMechanism of action
Sourced from openFDAMechanism-of-action classes: Imaging Contrast Activity; X-Ray Contrast Activity.
Indications
Sourced from openFDA- Liquid E-Z-PAQUE is indicated for use in single contrast radiographic examinations of the esophagus, stomach, and small bowel to visualize the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in adult and pediatric patients.
Contraindications
Sourced from openFDA- Liquid E-Z-PAQUE is contraindicated in patients with the following conditions: known or suspected perforation of the GI tract known obstruction of the GI tract high risk of GI perforation such as those with a recent GI perforation, acute GI hemorrhage or ischemia, toxic megacolon, severe ileus, post GI surgery or biopsy, acute GI injury or burn, or recent radiotherapy to the pelvis high risk of aspiration such as those with prior aspiration, tracheo-esophageal fistula, or obtundation known severe hypersensitivity to barium sulfate or any of the excipients of Liquid E-Z-PAQUE Known or suspected perforation of the GI tract ( 4 ) Known obstruction of the GI tract ( 4 ) Conditions associated with high risk of GI perforation or aspiration ( 4 ) Known severe hypersensitivity to barium sulfate or any of the excipients of Liquid E-Z-PAQUE ( 4 )contraindicated
Dosage & administration
Sourced from openFDAAdults: Recommended oral dose is 150 mL to 750 mL (87g to 435g of barium sulfate, respectively) ( 2.1 ) Pediatric patients: adjust dose based on relative GI volume ( 2.1 ) 2.1 Recommended Dosage The optimal oral dose of Liquid E-Z-PAQUE will vary depending on the size and anatomy of the patient and the procedure being performed. The recommended oral dose of Liquid E-Z-PAQUE: Adults: 150 to 750 mL (87 g to 435 g of barium sulfate, respectively). Volumes closer to 150 mL are recommended for examination of the esophagus and stomach and volumes up to 750 mL are recommended for examination of the small bowel Pediatric Patients: Adjust dose based on GI volume For examinations of the upper GI tract, administer a volume sufficient to fully distend the esophagus or stomach. For small bowel examinations: Age birth to less than 2 years: 30 mL to 75 mL Age 2 years to less than 17 years: 75 mL to 480 mL 2.2 Administration Instructions For oral use only Shake bottle vigorously for 30 seconds prior to oral administration to fully suspend product Administer undiluted Ensure patients have nothing by mouth for the following time period prior to the examination: Neonates and Infants < 3 months 2 hours Infants 3-12 months 3 hours > 12 months of age 4 hours Discard any unused suspension Encourage patients to maintain hydration following the barium sulfate procedure
Warnings & precautions
Sourced from openFDAHypersensitivity reactions: Emergency equipment and trained personnel should be immediately available ( 5.1 ) Intra-abdominal barium leakage: May occur in conditions such as GI fistula, ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease, appendicitis or diverticulitis, severe stenosis or obstructing lesions of the GI tract ( 5.2 ) Delayed GI transit and obstruction: Patients should maintain adequate hydration in days following a barium sulfate procedure to avoid obstruction or impaction ( 5.3 ) Aspiration pneumonitis: Patients with history of food aspiration or with swallowing disorders are at increased risk ( 5.4 ) 5.1 Hypersensitivity Reactions Barium sulfate preparations contain a number of excipients, including natural and artificial flavors and may induce serious hypersensitivity reactions. The manifestations include hypotension, bronchospasm and other respiratory impairments, dermal reactions including rashes, urticaria and itching. A history of bronchial asthma, atopy or a previous reaction to a contrast agent may increase the risk for hypersensitivity reactions. Emergency equipment and trained personnel should be immediately available for treatment of a hypersensitivity reaction. 5.2 Intra-abdominal Barium Leakage The use of Liquid E-Z-PAQUE is contraindicated in patients at high risk of perforation of the GI tract [see Contraindications ( 4 )].
Adverse reactions
Sourced from openFDAThe following adverse reactions have been identified from spontaneous reporting or clinical studies of barium sulfate administered orally. Because the reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or to establish a causal relationship to drug exposure: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramping Serious adverse reactions and fatalities include aspiration pneumonitis, barium sulfate impaction, intestinal perforation with consequent peritonitis and granuloma formation, vasovagal and syncopal episodes Common adverse reactions include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramping ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Bracco Diagnostics Inc at 1-800-257-5181 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch
Use in specific populations
Sourced from openFDA8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Liquid E-Z-PAQUE is not absorbed systemically following oral administration, and maternal use is not expected to result in fetal exposure to the drug [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary Liquid E-Z-PAQUE is not absorbed systemically by the mother following oral administration, and breastfeeding is not expected to result in exposure of the infant to Liquid E-Z-PAQUE [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 ) . 8.4 Pediatric Use The efficacy of Liquid E-Z-PAQUE in pediatric patients from birth to less than 17 years of age is based on successful opacification of the esophagus, stomach, and small bowel during single contrast radiographic procedures [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.1 )] . Safety and dosing recommendations in pediatric patients are based on clinical experience [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 )] . Liquid E-Z-PAQUE is contraindicated in pediatric patients with tracheo-esophageal fistula. [see Contraindications ( 4 )]. Pediatric patients with a history of asthma or food allergies may be at increased risk for development of hypersensitivity reactions [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )].
Approval history
Sourced from openFDA- Jan 11, 2016NDANDA208036Bracco
- Jan 15, 2016NDANDA208143Bracco
- Oct 14, 2016NDANDA208844Bracco
- Aug 1, 2025NDANDA219840Bracco
FAERS reports
- 1Aspiration6916%
- 2No Adverse Event347.9%
- 3Urticaria286.5%
- 4Diarrhoea276.3%
- 5Pruritus194.4%
- 6Acute Kidney Injury184.2%
- 7Dyspnoea184.2%
- 8Renal Failure184.2%
- 9Vomiting173.9%
- 10Chronic Kidney Disease153.5%
- 11Rash153.5%
- 12Abdominal Pain143.2%
- 13Cough143.2%
- 14Nausea143.2%
- 15Drug Hypersensitivity122.8%
Literature
Recent PubMed references pinned to Barium Sulfate as a MeSH major topic. Citations link to pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
- Extensive Esophageal Duplication in New Zealand Adult Male Demonstrated on Endoscopy and Barium Swallow With Valsalva Maneuver.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026 · Murphy V, Graham J, Watson B, et al.PMID 42044877DOI 10.1111/jgh.70410
- X-Ray Visible Gelatin/NaHCO(3)/BaSO(4) Ternary Composite Microspheres for Improved Drug Uptake in Simulated Transcatheter Arterial Embolization.ChemPlusChem · 2026 · Wu S, Yu R, Arumugam M, et al.PMID 41656895DOI 10.1002/cplu.202500425
- Utility of Barium Swallows in Patients Who Have Had a Recent Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology · 2026 · Bukhari SWA, Dunn JPMID 41510850DOI 10.1111/1754-9485.70068
- Effect of shortening the fluoroscopy time audible alarm on total fluoroscopy time and reference air kerma for pediatric modified barium swallow studies.Pediatric radiology · 2026 · Najjar AJ, Chong SH, Zhang D, et al.PMID 41507520DOI 10.1007/s00247-025-06455-4
- Does Inclusion of Thickened Liquids in a Modified Barium Swallow Study (MBSS) Protocol Affect DIGEST Grades?Dysphagia · 2026 · Burdick RJ, Wu J, Aldridge E, et al.PMID 41128846DOI 10.1007/s00455-025-10874-8
- Advancing modified barium swallow pre-sorting with deep learning: a new paradigm for the first step analysis in X-ray swallowing study.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2026 · Mao S, Naser MA, Buoy S, et al.PMID 41046271DOI 10.1007/s11548-025-03505-y
- Transitioning barium enema preparation protocols to CT colonography in the modern imaging era.Japanese journal of radiology · 2025 · Tsurumaru D, Nishimuta Y, Nanjo K, et al.PMID 40782241DOI 10.1007/s11604-025-01848-9
- Radiopaque polycaprolactone/barium sulfate nanofibers for applications in soft tissue repair.Acta of bioengineering and biomechanics · 2025 · Marszałek A, Kocyan M, Schwarz T, et al.PMID 40720206DOI 10.37190/abb/206093
Clinical trials
The 10 most recently updated of 31 ClinicalTrials.gov registrations naming Barium Sulfate as an intervention. Registration is not evidence of efficacy or safety — reference crosswalk only.
- Novel Dental Cements (ALBO-MPCA) in Patients With CariesCompleted · Interventional · 20 enrolled · Albos d.o.o. BeogradNCT07507136updated 2026-04-02
- Effect of 1% Melatonin Gel Versus Calcium Hydroxide as an Intracanal Medicament on the Intensity of Postoperative Pain, Bacterial Load Reduction and Periapical MMP-9 Levels in Patients With Necrotic Pulp.Not yet recruiting · Interventional · 50 enrolled · Cairo UniversityNCT07495605updated 2026-03-27
- REVIVE: Replens Versus Intra-Vaginal Estrogen for the Treatment of Vaginal Dryness on Aromatase Inhibitor TherapyActive not recruiting · Phase 2 · Interventional · 33 enrolled · Polly A. Niravath, MDNCT01984138updated 2026-01-28
- Measuring Apical Debris Extrusion With a Novel Laboratory TechniqueCompleted · Interventional · 80 enrolled · Fatma Selenay Ucas YildizNCT07341451updated 2026-01-14
- Cleansing Options in Out-Patient Setting to Improve Tolerance (COOP SIT) TrialRecruiting · Phase 4 · Interventional · 300 enrolled · Morehouse School of MedicineNCT07215000updated 2025-10-09
- Changes in Tactile Perception in People With Segmental Exclusion SyndromeCompleted · Observational · 34 enrolled · Union de Gestion des Etablissements des Caisses d'Assurance Maladie - Nord EstNCT05650398updated 2025-08-22
- Precise Endoscopic Application of Tranexamic Acid and Sucralfate in Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Randomized Controlled TrialCompleted · Interventional · 60 enrolled · National Cheng-Kung University HospitalNCT06421389updated 2025-07-18
- Optimisation and Performance of Reduced Preparation CT ColographyCompleted · Phase 4 · Interventional · 120 enrolled · London North West Healthcare NHS TrustNCT00212433updated 2025-05-23
- Comparison Of Implant Position Achieved With Fully Guided Versus Partially Guided Implant PlacementNot yet recruiting · Interventional · 20 enrolled · Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences & HospitalNCT06519383updated 2024-07-25
- Cold Liquids Fed to Preterm Infants: Efficacy and Safety After 10 Minutes of ExposureCompleted · Interventional · 4,043 enrolled · NYU Langone HealthNCT02935946updated 2024-06-24
Frequently asked questions
- How does Barium Sulfate work?
- Mechanism-of-action classes: Imaging Contrast Activity; X-Ray Contrast Activity.
- What is Barium Sulfate used for?
- According to FDA labeling, Barium Sulfate carries indications including: Liquid E-Z-PAQUE is indicated for use in single contrast radiographic examinations of the esophagus, stomach, and small bowel to visualize the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in adult and pediatric patients.. This is a reference summary of labeled uses, not medical advice or a treatment recommendation.
- What class of drug is Barium Sulfate?
- Barium Sulfate is classified as Radiographic Contrast Agent, Imaging Contrast Activity, X-Ray Contrast Activity.
- What are the contraindications for Barium Sulfate?
- Barium Sulfate labeling lists contraindications including: Liquid E-Z-PAQUE is contraindicated in patients with the following conditions: known or suspected perforation of the GI tract known obstruction of the GI tract high risk of GI perforation such as those with a recent GI perforation, acute GI hemorrhage or ischemia, toxic megacolon, severe ileus, post GI surgery or biopsy, acute GI injury or burn, or recent radiotherapy to the pelvis high risk of aspiration such as those with prior aspiration, tracheo-esophageal fistula, or obtundation known severe hypersensitivity to barium sulfate or any of the excipients of Liquid E-Z-PAQUE Known or suspected perforation of the GI tract ( 4 ) Known obstruction of the GI tract ( 4 ) Conditions associated with high risk of GI perforation or aspiration ( 4 ) Known severe hypersensitivity to barium sulfate or any of the excipients of Liquid E-Z-PAQUE ( 4 ). Always consult the full prescribing information and a clinician.
barium-sulfate is illustrative MVP content compiled from public sources. pharmacopeia is for educational and informational use only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.