Terlipressin
/api/v1/drug/terlipressinBoxed warning
SERIOUS OR FATAL RESPIRATORY FAILURE TERLIVAZ may cause serious or fatal respiratory failure. Patients with volume overload or with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) Grade 3 are at increased risk [see References (15) ]. Assess oxygenation saturation (e.g., SpO 2 ) before initiating TERLIVAZ. Do not initiate TERLIVAZ in patients experiencing hypoxia (e.g., SpO 2 <90%) until oxygenation levels improve. Monitor patients for hypoxia using continuous pulse oximetry during treatment and discontinue TERLIVAZ if SpO 2 decreases below 90% [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) , Contraindications (4) , and Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ]. WARNING: SERIOUS OR FATAL RESPIRATORY FAILURE TERLIVAZ may cause serious or fatal respiratory failure. Patients with volume overload or with ACLF Grade 3 are at increased risk. Assess oxygenation saturation (e.g., SpO 2 ) before initiating TERLIVAZ. Do not initiate TERLIVAZ in patients experiencing hypoxia (e.g., SpO 2 <90%) until oxygenation levels improve. Monitor patients for hypoxia using continuous pulse oximetry during treatment and discontinue TERLIVAZ if SpO 2 decreases below 90% ( 2.1 , 4 , 5.1 ).
Mechanism of action
Sourced from openFDATerlipressin is a synthetic vasopressin analogue with twice the selectivity for vasopressin V 1 receptors versus V 2 receptors. Terlipressin acts as both a prodrug for lysine-vasopressin, as well as having pharmacologic activity on its own.
Indications
Sourced from openFDA- TERLIVAZ is indicated to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome with rapid reduction in kidney function. TERLIVAZ is a vasopressin receptor agonist indicated to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome with rapid reduction in kidney function.
Contraindications
Sourced from openFDA- TERLIVAZ is contraindicated in patients experiencing hypoxia or worsening respiratory symptoms. TERLIVAZ is contraindicated in patients with ongoing coronary, peripheral or mesenteric ischemia.contraindicated
Dosage & administration
Sourced from openFDAPrior to initial dosing, assess patients for ACLF Grade 3 and obtain patient baseline oxygenation level. Monitor patient oxygen saturation with pulse oximetry. ( 2.1 ) Recommended Dosage Regimen: ( 2.2 ) Days 1 to 3 administer TERLIVAZ 0.85 mg (1 vial) intravenously every 6 hours. Day 4: Assess serum creatinine (SCr) versus baseline. If SCr has decreased by at least 30% from baseline, continue TERLIVAZ 0.85 mg (1 vial) intravenously every 6 hours. If SCr has decreased by less than 30% from baseline, dose may be increased to TERLIVAZ 1.7 mg (2 vials) intravenously every 6 hours. If SCr is at or above baseline value, discontinue TERLIVAZ. Continue TERLIVAZ until 24 hours after two consecutive SCr ≤1.5 mg/dL values at least 2 hours apart or a maximum of 14 days. See full prescribing information for instructions on preparation and administration ( 2.3 ). Flush IV line after administration. 2.1 Important Considerations Prior to Initiating and During Therapy Obtain baseline oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) prior to administering the first dose of TERLIVAZ. During treatment, monitor patient oxygen saturation using continuous pulse oximetry. Do not use TERLIVAZ treatment in patients experiencing hypoxia until hypoxia resolves [see Contraindications (4) , and Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Assess Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Grade and volume status before initiating TERLIVAZ [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and References (15) ]. 2.2 Recommended Dosage Record last available serum creatinine (SCr) value prior to initiating treatment (baseline SCr).
Warnings & precautions
Sourced from openFDASerious or Fatal Respiratory Failure : Monitor patients for changes in respiratory status using pulse oximetry and regular clinical assessments. Actively manage intravascular volume overload and adjust TERLIVAZ therapy as appropriate. ( 5.1 ) Ineligibility for Liver Transplant : TERLIVAZ-related adverse reactions may make a patient ineligible for liver transplantation, if listed. ( 5.2 ) Ischemic Events : TERLIVAZ is a vasoconstrictor and can cause ischemic events (cardiac, peripheral, or mesenteric) that may require dose interruption or discontinuation. ( 5.3 ) Embryo-Fetal Toxicity : TERLIVAZ may cause fetal harm when used during pregnancy. Advise females of reproductive potential of the potential hazard to the fetus. ( 5.4 , 8.1 ) 5.1 Serious or Fatal Respiratory Failure In the primary clinical trial [see Clinical Studies (14) ] , serious or fatal respiratory failure occurred in 14% of patients treated with TERLIVAZ compared to 5% of patients on placebo. Obtain baseline oxygen saturation and do not initiate TERLIVAZ in hypoxic patients [see Contraindications (4) ] . Monitor patients for changes in respiratory status using continuous pulse oximetry and regular clinical assessments. Discontinue TERLIVAZ in patients experiencing hypoxia or increased respiratory symptoms. Patients with fluid overload may be at increased risk of respiratory failure. Manage intravascular volume overload by reducing or discontinuing the administration of albumin and/or other fluids and judicious use of diuretics.
Adverse reactions
Sourced from openFDAThe following adverse reactions are discussed elsewhere in the labeling: Serious or Fatal Respiratory Failure [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Ischemic Events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] The most common adverse reactions (≥10%) include abdominal pain, nausea, respiratory failure, diarrhea, and dyspnea. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact 1-800-844-2830 and www.Mallinckrodt.com or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, the adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of TERLIVAZ cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety of TERLIVAZ was evaluated in the CONFIRM trial [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . The average daily dose of TERLIVAZ was 3.1 mg (range 0.8 to 5.8 mg), with a mean duration of exposure to TERLIVAZ of 6.2 days (range 1 to 15 days). Treatment discontinuation due to adverse events occurred in 12.0% (24/200) of patients receiving TERLIVAZ and 5.1% (5/99) of patients receiving placebo. The most common adverse reactions that led to TERLIVAZ discontinuation were respiratory failure, abdominal pain, and intestinal ischemia/obstruction. Table 1 lists adverse reactions that occurred more commonly on TERLIVAZ than on placebo, and in at least 4% of patients treated with TERLIVAZ in the CONFIRM trial.
Use in specific populations
Sourced from openFDA8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Based on findings from the published literature and on its mechanism of action, TERLIVAZ may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1) ] . In small, published studies, administration of a single intravenous dose of terlipressin to pregnant women during the first trimester induced uterine contractions and endometrial ischemia. The limited published data are not sufficient to determine a drug-associated risk for major birth defects or miscarriage . If TERLIVAZ is used during pregnancy, the patient should be informed of the potential risk to the fetus. The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Animal Data In published reproductive toxicity animal studies, administration of terlipressin to pregnant guinea pigs at doses lower than the maximum recommended human dose of 4 mg/day caused a marked decrease in blood flow to the uterus and placenta. In rabbits, terlipressin is both embryotoxic and teratogenic (increased resorptions, increased implantation loss, fetal anomalies and fetal deformities).
Pharmacokinetics
Sourced from openFDA- Metabolism
- The pharmacokinetic parameters of terlipressin and its major active metabolite, lysine-vasopressin, were derived from population pharmacokinetic modeling with sparse PK samples from 69 patients with HRS-1. Following a 1 mg IV injection of terlipressin acetate, the median C max , AUC 24h and C ave of terlipressin at steady state was 70.5 ng/mL, 123 ng×hr/mL and 14.2 ng/mL, respectively.
Overdosage
Sourced from openFDAManifestations of TERLIVAZ overdose are expected to be similar to the adverse reactions described with therapeutic doses. In case of overdose, initiate close monitoring of vital signs, electrolytes, and potential ischemic events and initiate appropriate symptomatic treatment.
Approval history
Sourced from openFDA- Sep 14, 2022NDANDA022231Mallinckrodt Ireland
FAERS reports
- 1Drug Ineffective4014%
- 2Ascites217.3%
- 3Renal Impairment196.6%
- 4Electrocardiogram Qt Prolonged175.9%
- 5Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome175.9%
- 6Off Label Use175.9%
- 7Product Use In Unapproved Indication175.9%
- 8Diarrhoea165.6%
- 9Hepatic Encephalopathy165.6%
- 10Toxicity To Various Agents165.6%
- 11Acute Kidney Injury155.2%
- 12Drug Interaction124.2%
- 13Hepatic Failure124.2%
- 14Respiratory Failure124.2%
- 15Blood Potassium Decreased113.8%
Literature
Recent PubMed references pinned to Terlipressin as a MeSH major topic. Citations link to pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
- Analysis of Terlipressin via Ion-Pairing With Eosin Y as a Spectrofluorometric and Spectrophotometric Probe.Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence · 2026 · Salem H, Emad N, Sadik MM, et al.PMID 42141762DOI 10.1002/bio.70514
- Appropriateness of terlipressin use and its association with clinical efficacy and safety: A real-world cohort study of 240 hospitalized patients.Medicine · 2026 · Peng Y, Duan H, Li M, et al.PMID 41995531DOI 10.1097/MD.0000000000048254
- Terlipressin Treatment for Acute Esophageal Variceal Bleeding: Bolus or Infusion?The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2025 · Şenkaya A, Çelik F, Kurtulmuş Akgün İ, et al.PMID 41669923DOI 10.5152/tjg.2025.25265
- Real-World Indirect Treatment Comparison of Terlipressin vs Midodrine Plus Octreotide in Hepatorenal Syndrome-Acute Kidney Injury.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2026 · Gonzalez SA, Allegretti AS, Chirikov VV, et al.PMID 41472624DOI 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000951
- Terlipressin Administration Strategies in Hepatorenal Syndrome-Acute Kidney Injury: A Narrative Review of Continuous Infusion and Intermittent Bolus Approaches.Pharmacotherapy · 2025 · Pham TQ, Bass SN, Yerke JR, et al.PMID 41314419DOI 10.1002/phar.70084
- The use of terlipressin to treat refractory hypotension during allograft kidney transplantation: a report of 4 cases and literature review.BMC anesthesiology · 2025 · Yang WH, Chang XL, Zhang L, et al.PMID 41204083DOI 10.1186/s12871-025-03443-x
- Terlipressin for Hepatorenal Syndrome in Patients With Early-Stage Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025 · Rockey DC, Gordon F, Thuluvath PJ, et al.PMID 41200852DOI 10.1111/liv.70399
- Real-World Use of Terlipressin in Cirrhosis and Acute Kidney Injury: Frequent Use Beyond Hepatorenal Syndrome.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2026 · Ma AT, Juanola A, Patidar KR, et al.PMID 40930302DOI 10.1016/j.cgh.2025.08.031
Clinical trials
The 10 most recently updated of 113 ClinicalTrials.gov registrations naming Terlipressin as an intervention. Registration is not evidence of efficacy or safety — reference crosswalk only.
- Interest of in Situ Terlipressin Administration Before the Realisation of Bronchial BiopsyCompleted · Phase 3 · Interventional · 130 enrolled · University Hospital, RouenNCT02970175updated 2026-06-08
- Effect of Terlipressin for Intraoperative Blood Pressure Management in Kidney TransplantationRecruiting · Interventional · 150 enrolled · Beijing Friendship HospitalNCT06855758updated 2026-05-20
- Effects of Terlipressin and Somatostatin on Portal Pressure in Patients Undergoing Living Donor Liver TransplantationRecruiting · Interventional · 50 enrolled · Istanbul Medipol University HospitalNCT07304466updated 2026-04-29
- ACid Tranexamic or Terlipressin for Initial Emergency Treatment of Mild to seVere hEmoptysis: a Randomized Trial.Completed · Phase 3 · Interventional · 315 enrolled · Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de ParisNCT04961528updated 2026-04-23
- Endothelin Receptor Antagonism With Ambrisentan to Treat Hepatorenal SyndromeActive not recruiting · Phase 2 · Interventional · 54 enrolled · Noorik Biopharmaceuticals AGNCT06256432updated 2026-04-13
- Double Plasma Separation and Adsorption in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (DPMAS-ACLF Trial)Not yet recruiting · Interventional · 56 enrolled · Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, IndiaNCT07178366updated 2026-03-25
- Comparison of Terlipressin Versus Octreotide in Patients With Hepatorenal SyndromeCompleted · Interventional · 60 enrolled · Lahore General HospitalNCT07460908updated 2026-03-10
- Terlipressin in Combined Hepatorenal Syndrome in Patients With Signs of Chronic Renal DiseaseCompleted · Observational · 490 enrolled · University Hospital FreiburgNCT06161766updated 2025-12-05
- Terlipressin vs. Somatostatin in Cirrhotic Patients With Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Acute Kidney InjuryNot yet recruiting · Interventional · 64 enrolled · General Hospital of Shenyang Military RegionNCT07252401updated 2025-11-26
- Single and Multiple Dose Escalation of PHIN-214 in Child-Pugh A and B Liver CirrhoticsRecruiting · Phase 1 · Interventional · 74 enrolled · PharmaINNCT05490888updated 2025-09-05
Frequently asked questions
- How does Terlipressin work?
- Terlipressin is a synthetic vasopressin analogue with twice the selectivity for vasopressin V 1 receptors versus V 2 receptors. Terlipressin acts as both a prodrug for lysine-vasopressin, as well as having pharmacologic activity on its own.
- What is Terlipressin used for?
- According to FDA labeling, Terlipressin carries indications including: TERLIVAZ is indicated to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome with rapid reduction in kidney function. TERLIVAZ is a vasopressin receptor agonist indicated to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome with rapid reduction in kidney function.. This is a reference summary of labeled uses, not medical advice or a treatment recommendation.
- What class of drug is Terlipressin?
- Terlipressin is classified as Vasopressin and analogues, Vasopressin Receptor Agonist, Vasopressin Receptor Agonists.
- What are the brand names for Terlipressin?
- Terlipressin is marketed under brand names including Terlivaz.
- What are the contraindications for Terlipressin?
- Terlipressin labeling lists contraindications including: TERLIVAZ is contraindicated in patients experiencing hypoxia or worsening respiratory symptoms. TERLIVAZ is contraindicated in patients with ongoing coronary, peripheral or mesenteric ischemia.. Always consult the full prescribing information and a clinician.
terlipressin is illustrative MVP content compiled from public sources. pharmacopeia is for educational and informational use only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.