Lacosamide
/api/v1/drug/lacosamideMechanism of action
Sourced from openFDAThe precise mechanism by which lacosamide exerts its antiepileptic effects in humans remains to be fully elucidated. In vitro electrophysiological studies have shown that lacosamide selectively enhances slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels, resulting in stabilization of hyperexcitable neuronal membranes and inhibition of repetitive neuronal firing.
Indications
Sourced from openFDA- Lacosamide injection is indicated for: Treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients 4 years of age and older (1.1) Adjunctive therapy in the treatment of primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in patients 4 years of age and older (1.2) 1.1 Partial-Onset Seizures Lacosamide injection is indicated for the treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients 4 years of age and older. Pediatric use information is approved for UCB, Inc.'s VIMPAT® (lacosamide) injection.ICD-10: G40.909
Contraindications
Sourced from openFDA- None .contraindicated
Dosage & administration
Sourced from openFDAAdults (17 years and older): Initial dosage for monotherapy for the treatment of partial-onset seizures is 100 mg twice daily (2.1) Initial dosage for adjunctive therapy for the treatment of partial-onset seizures or primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures is 50 mg twice daily (2.1) Maximum recommended dosage for monotherapy and adjunctive therapy is 200 mg twice daily (2.1) Pediatric Patients 4 years to less than 17 years : The recommended dosage is based on body weight and is administered orally twice daily (2.1) Increase dosage based on clinical response and tolerability, no more frequently than once per week (2.1) Injection: for intravenous use only when oral administration is temporarily not feasible; the recommended dosage is based on body weight and is administered two or three times daily over 15 to 60 minutes; obtaining ECG before initiation is recommended in certain patients (2.7, 5.3) Dose adjustment is recommended for severe renal impairment (2.4, 12.3) Dose adjustment is recommended for mild or moderate hepatic impairment; use in patients with severe hepatic impairment is not recommended (2.5, 12.3) 2.1 Dosage Information The recommended dosage for monotherapy and adjunctive therapy for partial-onset seizures in patients 4 years of age and older and for adjunctive therapy for primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in patients 4 years of age and older is included in Table 1. In pediatric patients 4 years to less than 17 years of age, the recommended dosing regimen is dependent upon body weight.
Warnings & precautions
Sourced from openFDAMonitor patients for suicidal behavior and ideation (5.1) Lacosamide may cause dizziness and ataxia (5.2) Cardiac Rhythm and Conduction Abnormalities: Obtaining ECG before beginning and after titration to steady-state maintenance is recommended in patients with underlying proarrhythmic conditions or on concomitant medications that affect cardiac conduction; closely monitor these patients (5.3, 7.2) Lacosamide may cause syncope (5.4) Lacosamide should be gradually withdrawn to minimize the potential of increased seizure frequency (5.5) Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)/ Multi-Organ Hypersensitivity: Discontinue if no alternate etiology (5.6) 5.1 Suicidal Behavior and Ideation Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), including lacosamide, increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior in patients taking these drugs for any indication. Patients treated with any AED for any indication should be monitored for the emergence or worsening of depression, suicidal thoughts or behavior, and/or any unusual changes in mood or behavior. Pooled analyses of 199 placebo-controlled clinical trials (mono- and adjunctive therapy) of 11 different AEDs showed that patients randomized to one of the AEDs had approximately twice the risk (adjusted Relative Risk 1.8, 95% CI:1.2, 2.7) of suicidal thinking or behavior compared to patients randomized to placebo.
Adverse reactions
Sourced from openFDAThe following serious adverse reactions are described below and elsewhere in the labeling: Suicidal Behavior and Ideation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] Dizziness and Ataxia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Cardiac Rhythm and Conduction Abnormalities [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] Syncope [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)/Multiorgan Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] Adjunctive therapy: Most common adverse reactions in adults (≥10% and greater than placebo) are diplopia, headache, dizziness, nausea, and somnolence (6.1) Monotherapy: Most common adverse reactions are similar to those seen in adjunctive therapy studies (6.1) Pediatric patients: Adverse reactions are similar to those seen in adult patients (6.1) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Somerset Therapeutics, LLC at 1- 800-417-9175 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Laboratory Abnormalities Abnormalities in liver function tests have occurred in controlled trials with lacosamide in adult patients with partial-onset seizures who were taking 1 to 3 concomitant anti-epileptic drugs. Elevations of ALT to ≥3x ULN occurred in 0.7% (7/935) of lacosamide patients and 0% (0/356) of placebo patients.
Use in specific populations
Sourced from openFDAPregnancy: Based on animal data, may cause fetal harm (8.1) 8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), such as lacosamide, during pregnancy. Encourage women who are taking lacosamide during pregnancy to enroll in the North American Antiepileptic Drug (NAAED) pregnancy registry by calling 1-888- 233-2334 or visiting http://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/. Risk Summary Available data from the North American Antiepileptic Drug (NAAED) pregnancy registry, a prospective cohort study, case reports, and a case series with lacosamide use in pregnant women are insufficient to identify a drug associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes . Lacosamide produced developmental toxicity (increased embryofetal and perinatal mortality, growth deficit) in rats following administration during pregnancy. Developmental neurotoxicity was observed in rats following administration during a period of postnatal development corresponding to the third trimester of human pregnancy. These effects were observed at doses associated with clinically relevant plasma exposures (see Data) . The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown.
Pharmacokinetics
Sourced from openFDA- Metabolism
- The pharmacokinetics of lacosamide have been studied in healthy adult subjects (age range 18 to 87), adults with partial-onset seizures, adults with diabetic neuropathy, and subjects with renal and hepatic impairment. The pharmacokinetics of lacosamide are similar in healthy subjects, patients with partial-onset seizures, and patients with primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
Overdosage
Sourced from openFDAEvents reported after an intake of more than 800 mg (twice the maximum recommended daily dosage) of lacosamide include dizziness, nausea, and seizures (generalized tonic-clonic seizures, status epilepticus). Cardiac conduction disorders, confusion, decreased level of consciousness, cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, and coma have also been observed. Fatalities have occurred following lacosamide overdoses of several grams. There is no specific antidote for overdose with lacosamide. Standard decontamination procedures should be followed. General supportive care of the patient is indicated including monitoring of vital signs and observation of the clinical status of patient. A Certified Poison Control Center should be contacted for up to date information on the management of overdose with lacosamide. Standard hemodialysis procedures result in significant clearance of lacosamide (reduction of systemic exposure by 50% in 4 hours). Hemodialysis may be indicated based on the patient's clinical state or in patients with significant renal impairment.
Approval history
Sourced from openFDA- Oct 28, 2008NDANDA022254Ucb Inc
- Oct 28, 2008NDANDA022253Ucb Inc
- Apr 20, 2010NDANDA022255Ucb Inc
- Mar 17, 2022ANDAANDA204974Alembic
- Mar 17, 2022ANDAANDA205006Glenmark Pharms Ltd
- Mar 17, 2022ANDAANDA204787Hetero Labs Ltd V
- Mar 17, 2022ANDAANDA208308Regcon Holdings
- May 4, 2023NDANDA216185Aucta
FAERS reports
- 1Seizure6,70619%
- 2Drug Ineffective4,02611%
- 3Off Label Use3,85411%
- 4Dizziness1,6394.5%
- 5Somnolence1,4524.0%
- 6Fatigue1,4233.9%
- 7Fall1,3753.8%
- 8Epilepsy1,3683.8%
- 9Status Epilepticus1,2393.4%
- 10Overdose1,2353.4%
- 11Generalised Tonic-clonic Seizure1,1503.2%
- 12Death1,0582.9%
- 13Headache1,0502.9%
- 14Drug Interaction9702.7%
- 15Convulsion9372.6%
Literature
Recent PubMed references pinned to Lacosamide as a MeSH major topic. Citations link to pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
- Slow-inactivated sodium channels as a therapeutic target in trigeminal neuralgia: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of lacosamide.Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2026 · Meechumnarn T, Phutinart S, Anukoolwittaya P, et al.PMID 42220289DOI 10.22514/jofph.2026.037
- Pharmacological Incongruity of Lacosamide in the Management of Delirium Complicated by Ileus.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2026 · Nagamine TPMID 42152737DOI 10.1002/npr2.70131
- Lacosamide Versus Propranolol in Episodic Migraine, a Randomized Controlled Double-blinded Trial.Molecular neurobiology · 2026 · Zeinhom MG, Rezk SG, Mohamed AM, et al.PMID 41863672DOI 10.1007/s12035-026-05756-5
- Two fatal cases of lacosamide poisoning with contrasting postmortem findings: implications for forensic toxicology.Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026 · Yamaki T, Shintani-Ishida K, Kawamoto M, et al.PMID 41780082DOI 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102818
- Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Clobazam, Perampanel, and Lacosamide Using a UPLC-MS/MS Method: Analysis of 5-Year Experience in a Large Cohort of Pediatric Epilepsy Patients From China.Biomedical chromatography : BMC · 2026 · Zhao T, Zhang HL, Yu J, et al.PMID 41755370DOI 10.1002/bmc.70403
- The Efficacy of Lacosamide in the Treatment of Delirium Complicated With Ileus: Four Cases.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2026 · Sato SPMID 41721495DOI 10.1002/npr2.70102
- Management of combined lacosamide and levetiracetam toxicity with intravenous 8.4% sodium bicarbonate and continuous renal replacement therapy.BMJ case reports · 2026 · Shah OMPMID 41713896DOI 10.1136/bcr-2025-271462
- Comparative Effectiveness of Brivaracetam, Cenobamate, Lacosamide, and Perampanel in Focal Epilepsy.JAMA neurology · 2026 · Cerulli Irelli E, Roberti R, Borioni MS, et al.PMID 41661607DOI 10.1001/jamaneurol.2025.5625
Clinical trials
The 10 most recently updated of 120 ClinicalTrials.gov registrations naming Lacosamide as an intervention. Registration is not evidence of efficacy or safety — reference crosswalk only.
- STTEPP: Safety, Tolerability and Dose Limiting Toxicity of Lacosamide in Patients With Painful Chronic PancreatitisActive not recruiting · Phase 1 · Interventional · 21 enrolled · Indiana UniversityNCT05603702updated 2026-06-03
- Zonisamide Versus Topiramate in MigraineCompleted · Phase 3 · Interventional · 600 enrolled · Kafrelsheikh UniversityNCT06347497updated 2026-05-27
- Fast Acute Sedation at Intensive Care vs. High-dose i.v. Anti-seizure Medication for Treatment of Non-convulsive Status Epilepticus (FAST-trial)Recruiting · Phase 3 · Interventional · 140 enrolled · University of Southern DenmarkNCT05263674updated 2026-05-04
- Seizure Prevention in Traumatic Brain Injury With Levetiracetam and LacosamideRecruiting · Phase 4 · Interventional · 600 enrolled · Wake Forest University Health SciencesNCT06866691updated 2026-04-24
- Add on Lacosamide Versus High Dose MonotherapyCompleted · Phase 3 · Interventional · 56 enrolled · Brigham and Women's HospitalNCT01345058updated 2026-04-14
- Evaluation of the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Lacosamide in Major Depressive Episodes of Bipolar Disorder Types I and II.Recruiting · Phase 3 · Interventional · 40 enrolled · University of Sao PauloNCT07412132updated 2026-02-20
- Population Pharmacokinetics of Antiepileptic in PediatricsCompleted · Observational · 753 enrolled · Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de ParisNCT03196466updated 2025-11-20
- Antiseizure Medication in Seizure Networks at Early Acute Brain InjuryTerminated · Phase 4 · Interventional · 5 enrolled · University of North Carolina, Chapel HillNCT06081283updated 2025-11-14
- A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics of Lacosamide in Neonates With Repeated Electroencephalographic Neonatal SeizuresTerminated · Phase 2 · Interventional · 29 enrolled · UCB Biopharma SRLNCT04519645updated 2025-10-03
- A Study to Test the Long-term Use of Oral Lacosamide in Pediatric Study Participants Who Completed NCT01964560 (EP0034) or NCT00938912 (SP848) and Received Lacosamide TreatmentCompleted · Phase 3 · Interventional · 48 enrolled · UCB Biopharma SRLNCT04627285updated 2025-08-28
Frequently asked questions
- How does Lacosamide work?
- The precise mechanism by which lacosamide exerts its antiepileptic effects in humans remains to be fully elucidated. In vitro electrophysiological studies have shown that lacosamide selectively enhances slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels, resulting in stabilization of hyperexcitable neuronal membranes and inhibition of repetitive neuronal firing.
- What is Lacosamide used for?
- According to FDA labeling, Lacosamide carries indications including: Lacosamide injection is indicated for: Treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients 4 years of age and older (1.1) Adjunctive therapy in the treatment of primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in patients 4 years of age and older (1.2) 1.1 Partial-Onset Seizures Lacosamide injection is indicated for the treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients 4 years of age and older. Pediatric use information is approved for UCB, Inc.'s VIMPAT® (lacosamide) injection.. This is a reference summary of labeled uses, not medical advice or a treatment recommendation.
- What class of drug is Lacosamide?
- Lacosamide is classified as Other antiepileptics, Sodium Channel Interactions, Decreased Central Nervous System Disorganized Electrical Activity.
- What are the brand names for Lacosamide?
- Lacosamide is marketed under brand names including Motpoly, Vimpat.
- What are the contraindications for Lacosamide?
- Lacosamide labeling lists contraindications including: None .. Always consult the full prescribing information and a clinician.
lacosamide is illustrative MVP content compiled from public sources. pharmacopeia is for educational and informational use only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.